The Diana and Actaeon Fountain is one of the most striking and celebrated works of art in the Royal Palace of Caserta, a grand 18th-century palace in southern Italy. The fountain is a monumental sculpture depicting a mythological scene from ancient Greek and Roman mythology, in which the hunter Actaeon is transformed into a stag by the goddess Diana as punishment for spying on her while she was bathing.

The fountain was created by the Italian artist Paolo Persico in the late 18th century, at the behest of King Ferdinand IV of Naples. It was designed to be a centrepiece of the western part of the Royal Park, in a large basin surrounded by a circular balustrade. The sculpture itself consists of a central group of figures depicting Diana and Actaeon, as well as several subsidiary figures, including hunting dogs and other animals. The fountain is a remarkable example of the neoclassical style, which was popular in Europe during the 18th century. The level of detail and the lifelike expressions of the figures are particularly notable, as are the dynamic poses that convey the dramatic tension of the mythological scene.